On 24 April 1916, the “Easter Rising” armed rebellion sought an independent Irish Republic. The outbreak of WWI in 1914 stalled both the crisis and implementation of Home Rule. But pro-British unionists in the northern state of Ulster formed paramilitary groups to oppose it, and Irish groups responded in kind. Supporters of immediate true independence were then a small minority.
Since the 1880s, Irish constitutional nationalists had demanded self-government or “Home Rule” within the British Commonwealth. In the early 20th Century, Ireland experienced increasing tensions in a seven centuries long conflict over English and British rule in Ireland.
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